DNS: Domain Name System is used to translate Internet domain names into IP addresses or other records. Port 53
DHCP: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol provides the automatic configuration of a computer's IP settings, in particular by assigning it an IP address and a subnet mask. Ports server 67; client 68
FTP: The FTP protocol ( File Transfer Protocol ) is a standard network protocol used to transfer computer files between a client and a server on a computer network.
FTP is built on a client-server model architecture using separate control and data connections between the client and the server. FTP users can authenticate with a "clear text" sign-in protocol, normally in the form of a user name and a password, but they can connect anonymously if the server is configured to allow it. For a secure transmission that protects the user name and the password, and encrypts the content, FTP is often secured with
SSL/TLS (FTPS) or replaced by SSH File Transfer Protocol (SFTP). Port commands 21; data 20
TELNET: terminalnetwork or telecommunication network, or again teletype network, is a protocol used on any TCP/IP network, making it possible to communicate with a remote server by exchanging lines of text and receiving answers also in text form. (often commands) Port 23
SSH: Secure Shell allows connection to a remote machine over a secure connection, and the use of network services in complete safety over an unsecured network. [1] Typical applications include the remote command line, remote sign-in and remote command execution, but any network service can be secured with SSH.
SSH: provides a secure channel over an unsecured network using a client-server architecture, connecting an SSH client application to an SSH server. The protocol specification distinguishes two main versions, called SSH-1 and SSH-2. SSH is generally used to access Unix-like operating systems, but it can also be used on Microsoft Windows. Windows 10 uses OpenSSH as its default SSH client and SSH server. Standard TCP port: 22.
SSH was designed to replace Telnet and unsecured remote shell protocols such as the Berkeley rsh and the associated rlogin and rexec protocols. These protocols send information, in particular passwords , in clear text, which makes it liable to be intercepted and disclosed by means of packet analysis. The encryption used by SSH is intended to ensure the confidentiality and the integrity of data over an unsecured network, such as the Internet .
SFTP: Standing for SSH File Transfer Protocol, or Secure File Transfer Protocol, it is a separate protocol supplied with SSH which works in the same way but over a secure connection. The advantage is the possibility of taking advantage of a secure connection to transfer files and browse the file system on the local and remote system.
In almost every case, SFTP is preferable to FTP because of its underlying security features and its ability to be grafted onto an SSH connection.
TELNET: terminalnetwork or telecommunication network, or again teletype network, is a protocol used on any TCP/IP network, making it possible to communicate with a remote server by exchanging lines of text and receiving answers also in text form. (often commands) Port: 23
SMTP: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is a communication protocol for the transmission of electronic mail. Port: 25
IMAP: Internet Message Access Protocol ) is used by mail clients to retrieve electronic messages from a mail server. Port 143; secure 993
POP3: Used by mail clients to retrieve electronic messages from a mail server. It is often considered obsolete compared with IMAP. Port 110
HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol is the basis of data communication for the World Wide Web, where hypertext documents include hyperlinks to other resources that the user can easily reach. Port 80
TLS/SSL: Transport Layer Security (TLS), and its now obsolete predecessor, Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), are protocols designed to provide security for communications over a network. Several versions of the protocols are widely used in applications such as electronic mail, instant messaging and voice over IP, but their use as a security layer in HTTPS remains the most publicly visible. SSL/TLS often runs over TCP.
ICMP: Internet Control Message Protocol is used by network devices, including routers, to send error messages and operational information indicating success or failure when communicating with another IP address; for example, an error is indicated when a requested service is unavailable or when a host or a router cannot be reached. [2] ICMP differs from transport protocols such as TCP and UDP in that it is generally not used to exchange data between systems, nor regularly used by end-user network applications (with the exception of certain diagnostic tools such as ping and traceroute ).
IP: The Internet Protocol is the main communication protocol of the Internet protocol suite and makes it possible to relay datagrams across different networks. Its routing function makes networking possible, and thereby the existence of the Internet.
IP has the task of delivering packets from the source host to the destination host solely on the basis of the IP addresses in the packet headers. To this end, IP defines packet structures that encapsulate the data to be delivered. It also defines the addressing methods used to label the datagram with the source and destination information.
Historically, IP was the connectionless datagram service in the original Transmission Control Program introduced by Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn in 1974, which was complemented by a connection-oriented service that became the basis of the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). The Internet protocol suite is therefore often called TCP/IP .
The first major version of IP, Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4), is the dominant protocol of the Internet. Its successor is Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6), whose deployment on the public Internet has been increasing since 2006
TCP: Transmission Control Protocol is one of the main protocols of the Internet protocol suite. It came out of the initial network implementation in which it complemented the Internet Protocol (IP). Consequently, the whole suite is commonly called TCP/IP. TCP provides reliable, ordered delivery and is able to check for errors in a stream of bytes between applications running on hosts communicating over an IP network.
UDP: User Datagram Protocol) is a communication protocol mainly used to establish low-latency connections. It speeds up transmissions by allowing data to be transferred before an acknowledgment is provided by the recipient.